Smart learning | Context-aware u-learning | Adaptive learning | |
---|---|---|---|
Detects and takes into account the real-world contexts | Yes | Yes | No |
Situates learners in real-world scenarios | Yes | Yes | No |
Adapts learning content for individual learners | Yes | No | Yes |
Adapts the learning interface for individual learners | Yes | No | Yes |
Adapts learning tasks or objectives for individual learners | Yes | No | No |
Provides personalized feedback or guidance | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Provides learning guidance or support across disciplines | Yes | No | No |
Provides learning guidance or support across contexts (e.g., in classrooms, on school campuses, in the library, and on the street) | Yes | Yes | No |
Recommends learning tools or strategies | Yes | No | No |
Considers the online learning status of learners | Yes | No | Yes |
Considers the real-world learning status of learners | Yes | Yes | No |
Facilitates both formal and informal learning | Yes | Yes | No |
Takes multiple personal factors and environmental factors (e.g., learning needs, preferences, schedules and real-world contexts) into account | Yes | No | No |
Interacts with users via multiple channels (e.g., smartphones, Google Glass, or other ubiquitous computing devices) | Yes | Yes | No |
Provides support to learners with “in advance adaptation” across real and virtual contexts | Yes | No | No |
Provides support to learners with “on the run adaptation” across real and virtual contexts | Yes | No | No |