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Table 5 Classification in 1st level unit between a feature and macro F-measure \({F}_{L}\) in n-grams and machine learning methods

From: Automated labeling of PDF mathematical exercises with word N-grams VSM classification

 

\(n=1\)

\(n=2\)

\(n=3\)

\(n=4\)

\(n=5\)

\(n=6\)

w2vec

Similarity (\({f}_{mean}\))

0.7211

0.7479

0.7122

0.7058

0.6827

0.6835

0.3894

Similarity (\({f}_{max}\))

0.8015

0.8124

0.8051

0.7864

0.7684

0.7437

0.7031

Similarity (\({f}_{to{p}_{2}}\))

0.8309

0.8345

0.8236

0.8004

0.7746

0.7550

0.7133

Similarity (\({f}_{to{p}_{3}}\))

0.8369

0.8375

0.8282

0.7969

0.7695

0.7520

0.7133

Similarity (\({f}_{to{p}_{4}}\))

0.8370

0.8441

0.8249

0.8007

0.7607

0.7427

0.7094

Similarity (\({f}_{to{p}_{5}}\))

0.8392

0.8457

0.8252

0.7928

0.7542

0.7369

0.7014

Similarity (\({f}_{to{p}_{6}}\))

0.8394

0.8444

0.8243

0.7836

0.7444

0.7257

0.6868

Similarity (\({f}_{to{p}_{7}}\))

0.8338

0.8464

0.8212

0.7728

0.7438

0.7199

0.6767

Similarity (\({f}_{to{p}_{8}}\))

0.8328

0.8457

0.8160

0.7699

0.7389

0.7154

0.6619

Similarity (\({f}_{to{p}_{9}}\))

0.8312

0.8421

0.8091

0.7669

0.7330

0.7004

0.6563

Similarity (\({f}_{to{p}_{10}}\))

0.8286

0.8387

0.8013

0.7598

0.7226

0.6913

0.6440

Similarity (\({f}_{ran{k}_{2}}\))

0.8209

0.8343

0.8196

0.7999

0.7740

0.7546

0.7163

Similarity (\({f}_{ran{k}_{3}}\))

0.8330

0.8379

0.8254

0.8018

0.7756

0.7572

0.7181

Similarity (\({f}_{ran{k}_{4}}\))

0.8379

0.8433

0.8288

0.8027

0.7752

0.7570

0.7162

Similarity (\({f}_{ran{k}_{5}}\))

0.8406

0.8484

0.8304

0.8020

0.7708

0.7552

0.7139

Similarity (\({f}_{ran{k}_{6}}\))

0.8433

0.8485

0.8297

0.8046

0.7666

0.7472

0.7119

Similarity (\({f}_{ran{k}_{7}}\))

0.8424

0.8492

0.8310

0.8028

0.7649

0.7473

0.7050

Similarity (\({f}_{ran{k}_{8}}\))

0.8439

0.8502

0.8298

0.7995

0.7605

0.7421

0.7002

Similarity (\({f}_{ran{k}_{9}}\))

0.8418

0.8504

0.8275

0.7967

0.7586

0.7375

0.6965

Similarity (\({f}_{ran{k}_{10}}\))

0.8414

0.8490

0.8251

0.7904

0.7551

0.7303

0.6865

xgb

0.8572

0.8212

0.6171

0.5195

0.3938

0.3312

0.6303

rf

0.9250

0.8996

0.8205

0.7133

0.6176

0.5568

0.7098

mlp

0.7914

0.8719

0.8623

0.8665

0.8393

0.8178

0.8079

lr

0.9218

0.8903

0.8570

0.8247

0.7880

0.7358

0.8566

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