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Table 2 Focal points of telecollaborative studies in English language teacher education

From: The role of telecollaboration in English language teacher education: a systematic review

Pedagogical Focus

Pedagogical competence

Interculturality

Intercultural communicative competence

Critical cultural awareness

Intercultural competence

Internalization and global citizenship

Teaching with technology

Techno-pedagogical skills

Critical digital literacy

Flipped instruction

Instructional design

Grammar instruction

Teaching presence

Teacher cognition

Teacher Identity

Online teacher identity

Language ideologies

Beliefs and attitudes toward native-speakerism

Telecollaborative focus

Design and Implementation

Telecollaborative competence

Pre-service teachers as telecollaborators

Teachers as mediators

Task design/Implementation

Group functionalities

Negotiation

Affordances and challenges of telecollaboration