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Table 9 Summary of measurement scales of both primary and secondary students’ perception of smart classroom for actual forms

From: Development and validation of the smart classroom inventory

Factors

Mean

SD

T-test

Primary

Secondary

Primary

Secondary

 

Physical design

3.50

3.53

0.80

0.93

−0.44

Flexibility

2.79

2.95

1.24

1.13

−1.49

Technology usage

2.83

3.28

1.19

1.15

−4.37***

Learning data

2.71

2.45

1.35

1.18

2.25**

Differentiation

2.59

2.62

1.15

1.07

−0.31

Investigation

3.12

3.25

1.03

1.15

−1.48

Cooperation

3.31

3.51

0.99

1.06

−0.94

Students cohesiveness

4.13

4.29

0.82

0.85

−2.03**

Equity

3.71

4.07

0.99

0.88

−3.35**

Learning experience

3.45

3.64

1.08

1.06

−2.10**

  1. Note. **p < .01, ***p < .001.