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Table 1 Bivariate correlation coefficients (Kendall’s \(\tau\)) and significance between each data log and flow experience dimensions

From: Predicting students’ flow experience through behavior data in gamified educational systems

 

CSB

MMA

G

F

C

CTRL

LSC

T

A

ActTS

− .407*

− .315

− .452**

− .269

.266

− .117

− .234

− .133

− .214

UsdTFS

− .290

− .169

− .468**

− .286

.277

− .034

− .273

− .119

− .200

ProWS

− .251

− .310

− .405*

− .142

.081

− .109

− .298

− .173

− .222

RF

− .242

− .315

− .458**

− .187

.086

− .153

− .304

− .159

− .243

ArtAF

− .106

− .237

− .222

− .204

.357

.089

− .397*

− .173

− .256

TotUSV

− .104

− .238

− .504**

− .219

.380*

.065

− .158

.069

− .039

NumCOB

− .075

− .320*

− .324

− .112

.293

.054

− .186

− .019

− .080

  1. Red color indicates a negative correlation, and green color indicates positive correlation. The intensity of the color indicates the level of correlation; ActTS active time in the system, UsdTFS used the time to finish a step/mission, ProWS proportion of wrong steps/responses, RF received feedback, ArtAF average students’ response time after a feedback, TotUSV total unique session views, NumCOB number of mouse clicks, CSB challenge-skill balance, MMA action-awareness merging, G clear goals, F unambiguous feedback, C total concentration on the task at hand, CTRL sense of control, LSC loss of self-consciousness, T transformation of time, and A autotelic experience
  2. \(*p<0.05; **p<0.01\)