Anthropomorphizing malware, bots, and servers with human-like images and dialogues: the emotional design effects in a multimedia learning environment

Smart Learning Environments

Table 2 The on-screen human-like dialogues versus the formal descriptions of the learning-relevant objects

Object	Human-like dialogue (Anthropomorphized)	Formal description (Non-anthropomorphized)
Trojan horse virus	I will trick the user! Click me!	Click me! Fake email to trick the user
Computer	Oh! I have received an email! I will open it!	The computer receive and open the email
Botnet	Sir! Yes Sir! We are ready to receive orders!	Ready to receive orders
Hacker	Keep attacking the server!	Send command to attack the server
Server	Oh! I received requests. I should send back acknowledgements!	Server receive requests and send back acknowledgements
Data	Help! I am being kidnapped!	Data being stolen