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Table 1 Wilcoxon signed rank test for the achievement test

From: The use of augmented reality in a gamified CLIL lesson and students’ achievements and attitudes: a quasi-experimental study

Post-test–pre-test

N

Mean rank

Sum of ranks

Z

p

Control

Negative ranks

4

11.00

44.00

− 4.377

< 0.001*

Positive ranks

29

17.83

517.00

  

Ties

5

    

Total

38

    

Experimental

Negative ranks

1

5.00

5.00

− 5.265

< 0.001*

Positive ranks

36

19.39

698.00

  

Ties

1

    

Total

38

    
  1. *p < 0.05