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Table 3 Examples of educational chatbots used over the years

From: A critical evaluation, challenges, and future perspectives of using artificial intelligence and emerging technologies in smart classrooms

Year

Chatbot name

Main abilities

Reference or web page

2011

StuddyBuddy

Reply to questions, deliver courses

Tian et al. (2021)

2013

IBM Watson

Reply to questions, distribute material

Morrissey and Kirakowski (2013)

2014

Mongoose Harmony

Reply to questions, enroll, book appointments

https://www.mongooseresearch.com/harmony

2016

Dawebot

Create quiz, reply to questions

Pereira and Juanan (2016)

2016

Botsify

Reply to questions, enroll

Lee et al. (2020)

2017

Nerdy Bot

Reply to questions

Singh et al. (2019)

2019

Amazon QnABot

Reply to questions

Pakanati et al. (2020)

2020

Google Assistant

Reply to questions, play videos and games

Karri and Kumar (2020)