A possible future for next generation adaptive learning systems

Smart Learning Environments

Table 3 Motivation diagnosis and intervention

	Production rules
Likely state	Cognitive Intervention	Metacognitive intervention
Mastery, Low Effort	Increase problem difficulty	Display learning progress
Mastery, High Effort	Maintain problem difficulty	Praise effort and persistence
Hint Abuse, Low Effort	Reduce problem difficulty	Deemphasize importance of immediate success
Mastery, Medium Effort	Maintain problem difficulty	Praise importance
Quick Guesses, Low Effort	Reduce problem difficulty	Deemphasize importance of immediate success
Hint Avoidance, High Effort	Reduce problem difficulty	Offer hints upon incorrect answer in the next problem
Quick Guesses, Hint Abuse	Reduce problem difficulty	Deemphasize importance of immediate success
Low Mastery, High effort	Reduce problem difficulty	Emphasize importance of effort and perseverance