Table 2 Thematic Analysis to identify the role of collaboration as perceived by the participants

Explanation of learned concepts to partners

“We explained each other and then marked the answer”, “I showed him the answer and explained why that answer has been marked”, “one who remembers a concept would explain to the partner”

Encourages discussion

“Before marking the angles, we would discuss with each other”, “Discussion helped us to understand a few things on our own”, “in case one of us would not remember the definition, we would ask and then discuss with each other”

Correcting mistakes

“If one marked the wrong answer, other erased it and marked the correct one”, “we would correct each other’s doubts”, “we would correct each other’s answers”

Guidance of each other for quick actions

“In a group, we can solve quickly using both minds”, “we can help each other quickly if get stuck”, “by helping each other, the activities can be finished quickly”

Alternate turns to solve the AR learning activities using one tablet

“We took alternate turns to mark the answers for equal participation”, “In the first activity, we had to mark multiple angles of a type. We took turns to do that.”, “We took alternate turns to hold the tab”

Better understanding

“In a group, we can coordinate and understand with each other’s help”, “asking partner before the facilitator to understand the problem”