An empirical study of Chinese students' behavioral intentions to adopt 5G for smart-learning in Covid-19

Shah, Sayed Kifayat; Tang, Zhongjun; Sharif, Sayed Muhammad Fawad; Tanveer, Arifa

doi:10.1186/s40561-021-00172-9

Smart Learning Environments

Table 2 Outer loadings

From: An empirical study of Chinese students' behavioral intentions to adopt 5G for smart-learning in Covid-19

Items	Mean	Standard Deviation	Factor loading values
MAA1: As far as I know, Smart-learning via 5G can provide text, audio and 3D video content	0.717	0.605	0.726
MAA2: As far as I know, Smart-learning via 5G can provide enriched updated and animated content	0.750	0.668	0.753
MAA3: As far as I know, I have the necessary resource required for smart-learning usage	0.788	0.709	0.785
MAA4: As far as I know, The appropriate ICT infrastructure is available for smart-learning usage	0.754	0.677	0.751
COA1: If I know about new information technology, I'd like to try it somehow	0.879	0.023	0.882
COA2: I'd like to be the first to use the services, functions and applications of smart learning devices	0.843	0.025	0.846
COA3: As far as I know, Smart-learning with 5G will be flexible and can help my major study	0.755	0.057	0.759
COA4: As far as I know, Using 5G smart-learning devices will be compatible with all aspects of my work	0.770	0.055	0.774
COA5: As far as I know, 5G devices for smart-learning will be more compatible compared with other devices	0.824	0.037	0.831
MEA1: As far as I know, I would like to adopt 5G for smart learning if my instructors encourage me to do so	0.794	0.663	0.796
MEA2: As far as I know, I would like to adopt 5G for smart learning if my family encourages me to do so	0.857	0.786	0.862
MEA3: As far as I know, I would like to adopt 5G for smart learning if my peer group does	0.865	0.808	0.868
MEA4: I consider the potential impact of my actions on society and the environment	0.741	0.568	0.762
MEA5: It is important to me that the products I use do not harm society	0.788	0.653	0.804
MEA6: I would describe myself as socially responsible	0.819	0.695	0.833
PU1: As far as I know, Using 5G for smart learning can be useful for my learning	0.932	0.903	0.915
PU2: As far as I know, Using 5G for smart learning would enable me to accomplish learning tasks more quickly	0.912	0.867	0.910
PU3: As far as I know, Using 5G for smart learning will connect learners to people, content, and resources	0.925	0.889	0.815
PEOU1: As far as I know, 5G for smart learning will be easy and can use anywhere	0.913	0.883	0.934
PEOU2: As far as I know, Interact with 5G for smart-learning will be clear and understandable for me	0.909	0.879	0.914
PEOU3: As far as I know, Using 5G for smart learning may not require much effort for me	0.809	0.703	0.927
UI1: As far as I know, I intend to use 5G for smart learning	0.926	0.895	0.928
UI2: As far as I know, I'll use 5G for smart learning in the future	0.930	0.900	0.933
UI3: As far as I know, Using 5G for smart learning will motivate other learners	0.923	0.888	0.925

N = 375 (MAA = item 1,2,3,4 are of Material Access, COA = items 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 are of competences Access, MEA = items 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 are of Meaning Access, PU = items 1, 2, 3, 4, are of Perceived Usefulness, PEOU = items 1, 2, 3, 4 are of Perceived Ease of use and UI = items 1, 2, 3 are of Usage Intentions)

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