Table 4 Examples of approaches to open pedagogy
From: The why of open pedagogy: a value-first conceptualization for enhancing instructor praxis
Term | Sample characteristics/techniques | Citation |
|---|---|---|
Open Content | Open Content that could be used by faculty include: Learning modules Courseware items Teacher resources (e.g.: curricula, videos, images, syllabi, lesson plans) Open source learning management systems Materials found in Merlot (https://www.merlot.org/merlot/) MIT Open Courseware (https://ocw.mit.edu/index.htm) Textbooks: OpenStax, Bookboon, Saylor | Bliss and Smith (2017), Green et al. (2018), Hodgkinson-Williams and Gray (2009) |
Open Design | Use of: Freely available software and materials Educational technology to increase access Engaging others in development/re-development of learning outcomes, teaching and learning resources, teaching and learning activities, and student assessment/evaluation Iterative approach to course design Practices including the sharing, reuse, and remix of materials Methods to be more communicative with students and peers in the course elements and design process (e.g. communities of practice) | Bozkurt et al. (2019), Couros and Hildebrandt (2016), Paskevicius (2017), Nascimbeni et al. (2018), Open Design and Development (n.d.) |
Open Assessment | Focus on use of formative assessments Collaborate and consult with students and peers in achieving learning goals Develop assessment tools in a participatory manor with learners Encourage students to share work products beyond the educator-learner dyad Utilize both peer and self-evaluation Favor authentic assessment tools Clearly communicate expectations and evaluation criteria | Chiappe (2012) in Chiappe et al. (2016), Jacobs (2019), Nascimbeni and Burgos (2016), Paskevicius (2017) |
OER-enabled Pedagogy | Students may: Write articles for Wikipedia Create an openly licensed textbook Edit Wikipedia articles Take photos and license them openly Author test questions for wider use Develop tutorial resources Create summaries of key concepts Develop social media postings with content to which others may refer | Couros and Hildebrandt (2016), DeRosa (2016), Jhangiani (2017), Wiley et al. (2017), Wiley and Hilton (2018) |