Smart Learning Environments

Table 2 Pretest-delayed posttest improvements among beginning learners

From: The role of novelty stimuli in second language acquisition: evidence from the optimized training by the Pinyin Tutor at TalkBank

	Routine		Novelty		t-test
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	t-statistic	p-value
Word	33.12	29.75	19.56	15.09	1.6851	0.0500
Syllable	34.33	26.9	20.83	13.92	1.8489	0.0360
Syllable w/o tone	29.02	25.67	17.09	13.59	1.7067	0.0479
Initial	18.25	19.57	13.62	10.03	0.8727	0.1941
Final	17.48	16.89	13.43	11.47	0.8406	0.2029
Tone	24.83	22.36	16.12	13.42	1.4021	0.0844

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